Learn English Grammar by Playing: Class 7

The next step builds on what you learned in Class 6. First a short review, then 9 new games. Each part says which Class 6 rule it builds on, so you can go back and check if you need to.

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Review5 Class 6 questions
Kinds of nounKnow the name
Pronoun formsI, me, my, mine
Countable and uncountablemany or much?
Article: thethe or not?
Present perfect and past continuousDone before, result now
Preposition: at, on, inAddresses in time
Modalcan, may, must, should
ConjunctionJoin two sentences
PunctuationComma, apostrophe, quotation marks

Before you start

Review: 5 Class 6 questions

Plural, a/an, subject-verb agreement, tense and degree: you will need these Class 6 rules again and again in Class 7. Get 4 out of 5 right and move on; if not, take another look at the Class 6 page.

Play: you get 5 different questions every time.

Game 1

Kinds of noun: know the name

In Class 6: a noun is the name of something (Parts of speech). Now: what kind of name?

Kind	What it means	Examples
Proper	The own name of one particular person or thing; starts with a capital letter	Rina, Dhaka, the Padma
Common	A general name shared by all things of the same kind	boy, city, river
Collective	Many taken together as one group	team, family, flock
Material	A substance that is measured, not counted	gold, water, rice
Abstract	A quality, state or feeling; it can't be touched	honesty, childhood, happiness

A trick to remember: can't touch it, only feel it? Then it's abstract. Can't count it, have to measure it? Then it's material.

Play: what kind of noun is the underlined word?

In one line

Someone's own name: proper; a name for all: common; a group: collective; a substance: material; a quality or feeling: abstract.

Game 2

Pronoun forms: I, me, my, mine

In Class 6: a pronoun takes the place of a noun (Parts of speech). Now: its form changes with where it sits in the sentence.

Subject	Object	Before a noun	On its own
I	me	my	mine
we	us	our	ours
you	you	your	yours
he	him	his	his
she	her	her	hers
they	them	their	theirs
it	it	its	–

Before the verb, the subject: She helps me. After a verb or preposition, the object: Rina called him.
This is my pen. But: This pen is mine. (No noun comes after mine.)
yours, hers, ours, theirs never take an apostrophe (’). its means "belonging to it"; it’s means it is.

Play: choose the right form of the pronoun in brackets.

In one line

Who does the action: I, he, she. Who the action is done to: me, him, her. Whose thing: my / mine.

Game 3

Countable and uncountable: many or much?

In Class 6: from one to many, book → books (Singular and plural). Now: what about things that have no plural?

What you can count (one book, two books) is countable. What you can't count and have to measure (water, rice, milk, sugar, time) is uncountable; it has no plural, and a/an doesn't go before it.

Meaning	Countable	Uncountable
A lot	many books	much water
A small amount	a few books	a little water
Question	How many books?	How much water?

Play: think whether you can count it, then choose.

In one line

Can count it: many, a few. Can't count it: much, a little.

Game 4

Article: the or not?

In Class 6: a or an, by sound (Article). Now: when to use the, and when to use no article at all.

the: the only one of its kind (the sun, the sky); something already mentioned or known to both people (Close the door.); before a superlative (the best, the tallest); before the names of rivers, seas and bays (the Jamuna, the Bay of Bengal).
No article: names of games (play cricket), languages (speak Bangla), people, cities and countries (Rina, Dhaka, Bangladesh), and go to school, go to bed, when you go there for its real purpose.

Play: what goes in the gap? If nothing does, choose "—".

In one line

Only one, already mentioned, or the most: the. Games, languages and people's names: nothing.

Game 5

Present perfect and past continuous

In Class 6: past, present, future and simple/continuous (Tense). Now two new forms.

Present perfect (have/has + past participle): the action happened before, but its result is here now. It doesn't say when it happened.

The homework was finished earlier, and the result is still here: now you can go and play.

already, just, never, ever and yet often come with the present perfect: I have never seen snow.
since goes before the starting time (since 2020, since Monday), for goes before a length of time (for ten years, for two days).
When you say a set time in the past (yesterday, last week, in 2020), use the past simple, not the present perfect.

Past continuous (was/were + -ing): one action was going on in the past when another happened: "I was watching TV when the light went out."

Play: find the time clue, then choose the right form.

In one line

Result now, no time given: have/has + past participle. Going on in the past: was/were + -ing.

Game 6

Preposition: at, on, in, addresses in time

In Class 6: prepositions of place, where is the ball (Preposition). Now: when?

Think of time as boxes inside boxes. The biggest times (months, years, seasons) take in; a day or date inside them takes on; and an exact moment takes at.

From big to small: in (months, years) → on (days, dates) → at (clock times).

Remember: in the morning, in the evening, but at night. And for the morning of a particular day, use on: on Friday morning.

Play: at, on or in?

In one line

Months, years, seasons: in. Days and dates: on. Clock times: at.

Game 7

Modal: can, may, must, should

In Class 6: with he and she, the verb takes -s (Subject and verb). Now the exception: after a modal, the verb is always in its base form, with no -s.

Modal	What it means	Example
can	Ability (being able to)	She can swim.
could	Past of can; a polite request	Could you help me?
may	Permission; possibility	May I come in? It may rain.
must	A rule or duty	You must wear a helmet.
should	Advice (what is right to do)	You should drink water.

Right: He can run fast. Wrong: He cans run / He can runs.

Play: understand the meaning of the sentence, then choose the right word.

In one line

Ability: can. Permission: may. A rule: must. Advice: should. And after them, the base form of the verb.

Game 8

Conjunction: join two sentences

In Class 6: a conjunction joins words (Parts of speech). Now: which one for which kind of join?

Conjunction	What it does	Example
and	Adds	Rina and Mina are friends.
but	Shows a contrast	The bag is small, but it is strong.
or	A choice; otherwise	Tea or coffee? Hurry, or you will be late.
so	A result	It rained, so we stayed home.
because	A reason	We stayed home because it rained.

so and because tell the same story from two sides: after so comes the result, after because comes the reason.

Play: how should the two parts join?

In one line

Add: and. Contrast: but. Choice: or. Result: so. Reason: because.

Game 9

Punctuation: comma, apostrophe, quotation marks

In Class 6: capital letters at the start of a sentence and in names (Capital letter) and the marks at the end of a sentence (Kinds of sentence). Now: the marks inside a sentence.

Comma (,): separates the things in a list (rice, dal, eggs and milk); comes after a name when you call someone (Rahim, please sit down.).
Apostrophe (’): shows whose thing it is (Rina’s bag), and stands for missing letters in short forms (don’t = do not, it’s = it is).
Quotation marks (“ ”): someone's own words. The comma at the end of the words goes inside the quotation marks: “I am hungry,” said Rina.

Play: which sentence has the marks right?

In one line

Commas in lists and when calling someone, apostrophes for whose thing and for short forms, quotation marks for someone's own words.

Next step: Class 8 → · Class 6 games · All English concepts · All Class 7 chapters